statplus regression wont pick up dependent variable

Sarcopenia is often considered as an early manifestation of frailty, an important risk factor for accelerating the occurrence and development of frailty, and a core element of frailty ( 5). So far, various methods of frailty assessment have been used, but there is no unified standard and they are all complicated and time-consuming ( 3, 4). Frailty is caused by a variety of factors, a clinical syndrome characterized by reduced strength, stamina, and reduced physical function that causes increased fragility in the individual and ultimately leads to fall, disability, and/or death ( 2). With the global aging and the improvement of people's living standards, frailty has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of geriatrics ( 1). Our findings highlight the practicability of ultrasonic measures of local muscle with frailty assessment. Muscle quality has deteriorated in the stage of prefrailty, which is earlier than muscle thickness.ĥ. Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) was closely related to muscle thickness and quality, especially vastus lateralis muscle.Ĥ. Ultrasound can measure muscle thickness and quality simultaneously.ģ. A rapid and accurate screening test is needed to assess frailty, as current assessments are complex and time-consuming.Ģ. Moreover, Muscle quality has deteriorated in the prefrailty stage, which is earlier than muscle thickness.ġ.

Together, FFP was closely related to muscle thickness and quality, especially vastus lateralis muscle. In multiple regression model, FFP was positively associated with gray value (Vastus lateralis muscle:β =0.457, p < 0.001 Anterior tibialis muscle: β = 0.220, p = 0.037) and inversely associated with muscle thickness (Vastus lateralis muscle:β = −0.973, p = 0.031 Anterior tibialis muscle: β = −4.551, p = 0.004) in the frailty stage. Pearson's correlation analysis also showed FFP was negatively correlated with muscle thickness and quality of the lower limbs. At the frailty stage, the muscle thickness and quality of the vastus lateralis muscle and the anterior tibialis muscle decreased significantly compared with the normal and the prefrailty group. Participants in the prefrailty group had a higher grayscale value of the vastus lateralis muscle, indicating the deterioration of muscle quality.

The thickness and the quality of local muscle were detected by ultrasound. They were divided into Normal group (40 cases), Prefrailty group (69 cases) and Frailty group (41 cases). A total of 150 people (age ≥ 65 years, 58 women, 92 men) were included from the First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University. To explore the correlation between Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) and the muscle thickness and quality of local muscle, and to provide a reasonable basis for the application of ultrasound measurement in the frailty assessment. 3NHC Contraceptives Adverse Reaction Surveillance Center, Jiangsu Health Development Research Center, Nanjing, China.2Department of Gerontology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, China.1Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Shan Lv 1 †, Ling Ling 2 †, Hui Shi 3 †, Xing Chen 1, Shu Chen 1, Siping Zhu 1, Wei Lin 1, Rong Lv 2 * and Guoxian Ding 1 *

Statplus regression wont pick up dependent variable